Meaning of LMAO | Full-Form, Uses, Similar Acronyms, History of LMAO?

LMAO

This is what LMAO means!

Contents:

1. History
2. Meaning of LMAO
3. What is the Full Form of LMAO?
4. Is LMAO an insult?
5. What are the similar acronyms of LMAO?
6. How do you use LMAO?
7. What are the alternatives to LMAO?
8. Example of LMAO

Though we do not hurt ourselves when we laugh but, whenever we laugh very hard, the abbreviation that comes to our minds is LMAO.

History

LMAO abbreviation was utilized widely in the 1840s. Though maybe not just LMAO but its variations like “laughing off my butt” was used more frequently than not! Symbolically, We have been severing a variety of pieces of our bodies as the 1840s. This fact is evidenced by the correspondence which Charles Dickens wrote for his friend Thomas Mitton. He (Charles Dickens) wrote, "In this brief space, I have made some very good reparations and mistakes, but from this afternoon I almost wrote my head. I am completely dumb."

What is the meaning of LMAO?

Meaning of LMAO is Laughing My Ass Off. Ordinary people use it in written conversation to show them what they think is hilarious. It’s possible to imagine this like a more reliable model of lol, that stands for laughing out loud. LMAO came into existence in the early 1990s, and the people who used it started online communication. Today, it is part of online and text existence. Overall, it is more suitable for making LMAO than "joking" or "actually making me laugh."

What does LMAO stand for?

LMAO stands for Laughing My Ass Off

Is LMAO an insult?

It’s a bit less considerate than LOL or even ROTFL, however since a lot of people today tend to choose the LMAO being complete and not emotionally extend it to incorporate the phrase ‘ass,’ it’s not that awful.

What are the similar acronyms of LMAO?

Here are some other similar acronyms:

1. ROFL: Rolling on the Floor Laughing
2. LOL: Laughing Out Loud
3. AFK: Away From Keyboard
4. BRB: Be Right Back
5. BBL: Be Back Later

How do you use LMAO?

LMAO is not a word you should use in proper communication. Protect LMAO for social websites, instant messaging programs, and texts. You can write LMAO in uppercase and lowercase letters. However, in this case, you really need to use this abbreviation. Remember to adhere to the two capitalization rules in a more appropriate context (summarized by the information article, e.g.).

You can build two or three ways in LMAO to show that you are laughing hard. One of those ways is to create rituals in all hats, but you can also add the end of an acronym called A: LMAO makes my ass laugh. Some even have the f-word to find LMFAO.

What are the alternatives to LMAO?

Different ways that you can laugh online:
1. LOL

The timeless acronym for laughing out loudly (it could formerly have meant “lots of love” or even “little elderly lady,” however, it doesn’t anymore). But, lol’s existed long enough given that it won’t mean out-loud laughter --linguist John McWhorter says it currently signals empathy. For genuine bliss, please make sure that you highlight it: all caps LOL is actually a fantastic beginning, or take to one of those more variations below. (Lol does not depend as an accent; it’s probably only auto-correct.)

2. OTHER LAUGHTER ACRONYMS

It isn’t merely lol--you will find different acronyms suggesting laughter, like for instance LMAO, LMFAO, ROTFL, ROTFLOL for laughing off my butt, turning onto the ground laughing (aloud ), and of course they are also able to be plotted for accent. LMAO and LMFAO continue to be relatively common, although ROTFLOL had a terrific cameo at Weird Al’s “White and Nerdy,” it along with ROTFL are becoming rare.

3. HAHA

Still another timeless bliss saying that, such as lol, has weakened through continuous usage. Plain haha or even autocorrected ha-ha is adequate for mild amusement, but also genuine laughter, select all caps HAHA.

4. EXPANSIONS OF HAHA

It is possible to go less for less fun (haha, aha, ha) or more, for increased entertainment (hahaha, bahaha, ahaha). You can also switch consonants (bahaha, ghaha) or vowels (hey, hehehee, hehehee). Typos, for example, ah-ha or even hahahaah, may signify you are laughing too hard to type correctly. Caps, as ever, for emphasis. Mixing them just isn’t common (I’ve never found *behehe or ahehahe or abaha, and also BAHAHA is rarer than HAHAHA).

5. HAHA IN OTHER LANGUAGES

Other languages utilize repetitions of different symbols, for example, Spanish jajajaja (that’s the “j” sound as in jalapeño), Thai 5555 (the number 5 is conspicuous ha), or Korean (conspicuous kkkk--vowels are only written for louder experimentation ). A few languages have their own acronyms, such as French MDR (mort de rire” expiring of bliss”). 

6. THIRD PERSON NARRATION

You can also choose to describe everything you are doing in the third person, almost like you were giving point directions of yourself. Some programs can mechanically turn *g* to some “grins” emoji, but you could also write longer versions just like *laughs* *laughs * or *spits water on the keyboard. This style is less common with laughter, however, it is difficult to attract onomatopoeia and is common with all sorts of emotions that are not heavy * or <\sarcasm> or #headdesk. 

Example of LMAO

He fell off the stairs! LMAO
OMG that joke with the polar bear, lmao.
I lmao whenever I hear a pun.
That’s one funny kitten! LMAO!
You like puns, lmao!

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What is GMT | Definition, History, Need, Work, Begin, Full Form of GMT

GMT

Contents:

1. INTRODUCTION
2. What is the definition of GMT?
3. What is GMT?
4. What is the full form of GMT?
5. How did GMT begin?
6. How does it work?
7. Where is the GMT Time Zone?
8. How did the railways make GMT the UK time standard?
9. How did GMT become the international standard?
10. Why do we need GMT?
11. What are the other Time Zones?

INTRODUCTION:

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) refers to the mean or average solar time at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London, and which was adopted as the universal standard time.

Historically astronomers used Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) with zero moments at noon; the day began at noon to measure time. The Civil convention used midnight zero moment. However in 1925, GMT was adopted by the Astronomers and the day began at midnight, hence midnight was zero moments. Coordinated Universal time has now replaced GMT and zero moments are still midnight, but the difference between both is small.

Definition of GMT?

GMT means Greenwich Mean Time and refers to the average or mean solar time or clock time at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London beginning from midnight. Noon Greenwich Time does not mean when the sun at Greenwich meridian is at its peak, the difference is due to the irregular rotation of the earth.

Prime Meridian is the meridian at Longitude 0o. It does not account for daylight saving and it is the Standard time used by the United Kingdom, Ireland, and some countries in Africa and Europe.

What is GMT?

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) means the sun is the average of the time it passes through the main meridian of the clock at the Royal Greenwich Observatory. This indicates that the clock time at the Observatory instead of the year-round solar system changes as the Greenwich Meridian passes. The length of each day measured by the clock equals the average length of the solar day and ensures that the standard time is maintained.

Solar time unlike GMT varies constantly through the year as the interval that the sun crosses the Greenwich meridian lines varies due to the earth’s elliptical orbit and the irregular daily rotation of the earth.

Solar time is measured by the Earth's rotation relative to the Sun. Clear solar time can be obtained by measuring direct observation of the sun, although clocks and clocks measure average or average solar time, which refers to the time measured by observation. The year traveled at a similar pace.

What is the full form of GMT?

GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time 

How did Greenwich Mean Time begin?

In 1675 John Flamsteed was appointed by royal warrant, the first Astronomer Royal by the British monarch, Charles II as well the establishment of the Greenwich Royal Observatory in London. Greenwich was a park and palace near the Thames Bridge in London

He was responsible for publishing a set of tables which facilitated the conversion of Solar time to Mean Time. He thereafter brought the finest pendulum clocks and installed them at the Greenwich Royal Observatory, which was set to local time.  Greenwich Mean Time was obtained as the average of the Time when the sun passed through the meridian at Greenwich at longitude 0o, from this humble beginning GMT was born and was popular with astronomers.

It facilitated naval and maritime exploration especially of the new world; however, usage was not widespread as many major cities used local times. The British Nautical Almanac was made available in 1676 by Nevil Maskelyne, the fifth Astronomer Royal of Greenwich Royal Observatory. These Navigational charts enhanced explorations at sea and facilitated the greater acceptance of GMT.

How does it work?

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) works by using the yearly average or mean of the time each day the Sun passes through the Prime meridian (Longitude 0o ) of the Clock at the Royal Greenwich Observatory, London. This implies that it is the clock time at the observatory rather than the solar time which varies throughout the year as it crosses the Greenwich meridian. Each day measured by the clock has the same length which is equivalent to the mean or average length of a solar day, and this ensures standard time is maintained.

The Prime Meridian is the basis for all the time zones in the world and how to calculate it. Every fifteen degrees in Longitude is equivalent to a one-hour time differential.

Where is the GMT Time Zone?

The Greenwich meridian or Longitude Zero runs from the North Pole to the South Pole and passes through the Royal Observatory and also known as Prime Meridian. The Greenwich Mean Time zone is the Time zone that refers to all the countries that lie on this meridian such as the United Kingdom, Northern Ireland, and some African countries. However, the United Kingdom and Ireland do not use it from October to March during Daylight Saving Time.

Countries on the East of the Meridian are ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, however, those on the West are behind of the GMT.

How did the railways make GMT the UK time standard?

The early1800’s local times were used by the various cities, however, with the widespread use of railways, the various local times presented big challenges to passengers and operators in the railway industry. This created the need for an acceptable time for the industry. Before this time the GMT had not generally adopted. Then the British railway industry initially began using the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) for its operations to eliminate the confusion created by various local time zones until it was formally adopted. In 1847 the British Railway Clearing House adopted the GMT as its official time and was thereafter known as Railway Time.

In the late 1850’s many public places in Britain started adopting the Railway Time as it gained popularity. However, it was in August 1880 that Greenwich Mean Time known as Railway Time was adopted as the legal time in Britain by an Act of Parliament.

How did GMT become the International standard?

The United States of America had over three hundred local time zones which were quite challenging for the operators of the American Railway industry and their patrons, as they struggled to find a solution. This was later narrowed to one hundred local times zones but it still posed difficulties for the American railway industry.

In November 1883, the Greenwich Mean Time was also adopted by the United States of America, and the United States then had four time zones. During the International Meridian Conference held in Washington D.C, United States of America, Greenwich Mean Time was adopted internationally in November 1884 with the creation of 24 Time zones. Thus GMT became the International Time Standard.

Britain played a key role in the international adaptation of GMT due to the superiority of the navigational charts from the Royal Greenwich Observatory, London as well as the efforts Sir Sandford Fleming, who was one of the conveners of the conference.

Why do we need GMT?

The GMT was the origin and basis for the calculation of several time zones worldwide and more than seventy percent of the world trade used navigational charts based on Greenwich Meridian as the Prime meridian. The accuracy of the Royal Greenwich Observatory navigational data also was a factor that facilitated its adoption.

The conference confirmed the Greenwich meridian as the Prime Meridian and the Greenwich Mean Time as the International Time. Thus all time zones use GMT as a reference point.

The first clock to show the public GMT was installed at Gate of Greenwich Royal Observatory, London in 1852 was known as the Shepherd Gate Clock. GMT was an international civil time from 1884 to 1972.

In January 1972 the GMT was replaced by Coordinated Universal Time as the International Civil Time which is operated using a group of atomic clocks. The atomic clocks have greater accuracy and were set to synchronize with the earth’s rotation. But since the rotation varies there are still small differences between the clock time and natural time, adjustments are made to harmonize it with the earth’s rotation. Initially, France did not accept the Universal Coordinated Time UTC due to some dispute with Britain but adopted it in 1978.

 However GMT it still a legal time in Britain and is used by the British Broadcasting Corporation, Royal Navy, and African and European nations. Some of the Countries that use GMT as legal time include

Ghana, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Mali Mauritania, Iceland, and Togo

What are the other Time Zones?

The United States of America established standard time with Act of 1918. China uses only one time zone despite having a territory greater than 15 degrees Longitude and has a standard time UTC +08:00 or (GMT +8) China standard Time is eight hours ahead of GMT Below are the four-time zones for the United States of America.

Eastern Standard Time EST is GMT-5
Central Standard Time is GMT -6 
Mountain Standard Time is GMT -7 while for UTC -6
Pacific Standard Time is   GMT - 8
Russia has up to eleven time zones beginning from Kaliningrad to Kamchatka Chri with a nine-hour time differential in its time zones.
Several countries the Standard time zones and in some countries have deviations of thirty minutes or more from the standard time.

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All About IMF | What, Functions, Benefits, Members, Definition, Full Form of IMF

IMF

Contents:

1. History of the IMF
2. What is the IMF?
3. Who is the MD of the IMF?
4. What is the full form of IMF?
5. What are the functions of the IMF?
6. How many countries are in the IMF? 
7. What is the qualification for joining the IMF?
8. What are the benefits of IMF?
9. What are the objectives of the IMF?
10. What are the roles of the IMF?
11. How does voting Members are appointed in IMF?
12. Which type of operations are done in the IMF?
13. What are the Pros and Cons of IMF?

History of the IMF

IMF was established in 1944 as a result of the original layout of part of the Bretton Wood System exchange agreement, it was a primary idea of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes. It came into existence in the year 1945 with 29 member nations. The IMF staff consists of 150 nationalities and has 24 executive directors that represent 189 member countries with its headquarters in Washington D.C. English is the organization's official language. United Nations (UN) is its parent organization. 

What is the International Monetary Fund?

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that promotes global economic growth and economic stability, promotes international trade and alleviates poverty.

Key Points

• The IMF is an international agency that seeks to promote trade and improve the economic situation in poor countries.

• The IMF assists its members with regard to the balance of payment issues with the supply of required credit.

• The latest estimates from the IMF show that there is a disappointing estimate compared to those produced in April.

Who is the MD of the IMF?

Kristalina Georgieva is the (MD) managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

What is the full form of IMF?

IMF stands for International Monetary Fund

What are the functions of the IMF?

The main purpose of IMF is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system which is done in several ways i.e.

1. Exchange Stability:

The first essential task of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is to maintain exchange stability and to discourage any fluctuations in the exchange rate. Such stability is found based on a 10 percent or more requirement by declaring the value of all members' currency in gold or the US dollar, applying the devaluation standard, finding more information, or the IMF. Guaranteed reliability. In order, members are prohibited from going to multiple exchange rates and buying or selling gold at prices other than the stated value.

2. Eliminating BOP Disequilibrium:

The fund helps member nation to eliminate or reduce the balance of short-term payments such as selling or lending foreign currencies to members. The fund helps its members to overcome long-term inequalities in the balance of payments. The Fund may advise its members to change the value of their currencies in the case of fundamental changes in the economy of its members.

3. Determination of Par Value:

The IMF implements a system of determining the par value of the currencies of the Member countries. According to the original articles of the IMF Agreement, each member state must declare its currency equivalent in gold or US dollars. According to the revised articles, members are given autonomy to change the float or exchange rates according to the level of the internal rate of demand in the exchange market.

According to this article, the IMF is using surveillance to ensure optimal performance and balance in the international currency system, that is, by adopting an interventionist approach to prevent exchange rate manipulation and to deal with short-term movements in the value of currency exchange.

4. Stabilize Economies:

An important task for the IMF is to advise the Member countries on various economic and monetary matters and thereby help to stabilize their economies.

5. Credit Facilities:

The IMF operates a variety of credit and credit facilities to assist the Member State to correct inequalities in its member's balance of payments. These loan facilities include basic credit facility, 3-year extended fund facility, indemnity financing facility, low stock facility, subsidiary financing facility, special oil facility, trust fund, and construction adjustment facility to assist primary producer countries. The fund also collects interest from its borrowing countries.

6. Maintaining Balance Between Supply and Demand of Currencies:

The IMF has been entrusted with the important task of maintaining a balance between demand and supply of various currencies. Accordingly, the Fund may declare a currency as a rare currency with high demand and increase its supply by borrowing from the respective country or buying the same currency instead of gold.

7. Maintenance of Liquidity:

The IMF has another important task to maintain its resource liquidity. Accordingly, there is a provision for member nations to borrow from the IMF (International Monetary Fund) by surrendering their currencies. In order to fund low-demand currencies, borrowing countries have been ordered to repay their loans in convertible currencies.

8. Technical Assistance:

The IMF is also doing a fruitful job of providing technical assistance to member nations. Such technical assistance is provided in two ways, namely, by sending their expert and expert services to the Member country first and secondly by outsourcing.

Also, the Fund has established two separate new divisions:

• Central Banking Services Department and
• Rendering the expertise of Member countries to the Department of Economic Affairs for the management and management of its central banks.

9. General Watch:

The IMF generally focuses on the monetary and fiscal policies adopted by the member countries to prevent the flow of charter provisions.

How many countries are in the IMF? 

The IMF is a 189-nation organization that strives to promote global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, and provide international convenience. Promote trade, high employment, and sustainable economic development and reduce poverty worldwide. The primary objective of the IMF is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system - exchange rates and international payment systems, which enable countries (and their citizens) to interact with one another.

The UN is a country of origin, not all UN member states belong to the IMF. Countries like Cuba, Monaco, and Andorra are UN members but don’t belong to the IMF. All members of the IMF belong to the IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development).

What is the qualification for joining the IMF?

Countries interested in joining the IMF (International Monetary Fund) are required to send membership applications that would be passed by the majority members of the organization. Upon joining, members would be assigned a loan based on their world economy. IMF also ensures that an interest rate of zero percent on loans is given to low-income countries or countries with struggling economies. It is also able to lend to its member countries a total amount of one trillion dollars. There are 36 leading arrangements.

What are the benefits of IMF?

IMF-related benefits are explicitly guaranteed to the 184 countries that have voluntarily joined the organization. Membership is expected to help these countries better manage their economies. Since Member nations know that they follow the IMF Code of Conduct, membership promotes investment and trade, leading to full employment. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) also provides technical assistance and financial assistance to the Member State when needed.

• Access to information on the economic policies of all Member nations
• Opportunity to affect members ’financial policies
• Obtaining technical support in banking, financial matters and exchange matters
• Financial assistance during payment difficulties
• Opportunities for trade and investment have increased

What are the objectives of the IMF?

The original goal of the IMF was to avoid competitive devaluation and exchange controls that were characteristic of the 1930s. This has been done to maintain "fair practice codes" in the foreign exchange sector and to provide short-term loans to member countries that are experiencing a temporary deficit in the balance of payments so that they can afford to make these payments for depreciation. Finish. Or exchange controls, while at the same time adopting domestic policies and international policies to maintain high levels of employment.

Therefore, there are basically three general goals of the IMF:

1. the removal or absence of existing exchange controls;
2. the establishment and maintenance of currency convertibility with fixed exchange rates, and
3. Multilateral trade and broader expansion of payments.

What are the roles of the IMF?

The main functions of the IMF are:

1. It operates as a short-term loan company.
2. It provides machines to gradually adjust the exchange rates.
3. This is a repository of all member countries' currencies, from which the borrower can borrow the currency of other countries.
4. It is a foreign currency lending company. However, it only funds current transactions and not capital transactions.
5. It also sometimes provides machines to convert the value of a member's currency to its equivalent. In this way, it seeks to provide for a systematic adjustment of exchange rates, which improves the long-run equilibrium of member countries' payment conditions.
6. It also provides machinery for international consultation.

Properly, the fund contributes to the promotion and maintenance of high levels of employment and real income and the development of productive resources of all Member nations.

How does voting Members are appointed in IMF?

Voting members are appointed by the corporate members.

The voting power of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is based on the quota system. Each member has the actual number of votes cast, which is 5.502% of the total votes and an additional vote for each Drawing Rights (SDR) of 100,000 in the member country's quota.

Which type of operations are done in the IMF?

The growth of IMF along with its global economy throughout its 70 years of operations has helped the organization retain its central role within the international financial architecture. Unlike the UN, where each country has one vote, the IMF was purposed to reflect the relative positions of its member countries in the global economy. It continues strategizing to ensure its administration structure adequately reflects crucial changes taking place in the world’s economy.

IMF is accountable and governed by its 189 member countries.

The policies in IMF (International Monetary Fund) are put in place to ensure that purposeful and accurate information is provided in real-time to its global audiences-in both the global economy and its member countries’ economies roles. IMF corporate giving is through the IMF Giving Together Campaign which is a guideline to its humanitarian and community outreach efforts.

What are the Pros and Cons of IMF?

Advantages of the IMF:-
The IMF helps member countries in various capacities.

1. Provides loans to Member Nations: Its most important function is the ability to lend to member countries in need of collateral. The IMF must comply with the terms of these loans, including the proposed economic policies, and the borrowing governments.
2. Fills Deficit Gaps: If a country has a pay deficit, the IMF (International Monetary Fund) can step in to fill the gap.
3. Technical support and Assistance: IMF (International Monetary Fund) serves as a council and advisor to countries attempting a new economic policy. IMF also publishes papers on new financial issues.

Disadvantages of IMF:-

Despite the lofty position and laudable goals, the IMF is trying to overcome an almost impossible economic achievement: making financial interventions purely over time and international. It faces criticism for the following:

1. Too much or too little intervention: The IMF (International Monetary Fund) has been criticized for not doing as much and as much as possible. It has been criticized for being too slow or too eager to resist national policies. Since the United States, Japan, and Great Britain are notorious for IMF policies, it has only been accused of being a tool for free-market countries. At the same time, free-market supporters have criticized the IMF for being too involved.
2. Makes a moral disaster: Some member nations, such as Italy and Greece, have been accused of chasing insecure budgets because they believe the IMF-led global community will come to their rescue. This is not in contrast to the moral hazard created by the bailout of the major banks.

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All about AI | Meaning, Definition, Types, Pros&Cons of AI?

AI (ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE)

Contents:

1. Introduction of AI
2. Definition of AI
3. What do you mean by AI?
4. What is the full form of AI?
5. What are the types of AI?
6. How does AI Works?
7. What are the applications of AI?
8. Which are the Leading Firms in AI?
9. What are the Pros and Cons of AI?

Introduction of AI

This article presents the most important types of artificial intelligence. The main goal of Artificial Intelligence is to enable machines to function as human beings. Therefore, the primary method of classification of AI depends on how efficient it is to repeat human-style actions.

AI can be classified into two types, both based on its ability to replicate the human brain. A classification based on "functionalism" classifies AI based on their similarity to the human mind and their ability to think and feel as human beings. The second method of classification is even more prominent in the tech industry, based on the "capabilities" of AI's visual human intelligence.

Definition of AI?

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the imitation of human intelligence in machines programmed to think like humans and simulate their actions. The term can also be used for any machine that exhibits characteristics associated with the human mind such as learning and problem-solving.

The ideal feature of artificial intelligence is the ability to find the best opportunity to achieve a specific goal.

Key Points:

• Artificial Intelligence refers to simulating human intelligence in machines.

• The goals of artificial intelligence include learning, reasoning and understanding.

• AI is used in a variety of industries including finance and healthcare.

• Weak AI is simpler and single-task oriented, while strong AI does more complex and human-like tasks.

What do you mean by AI?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. Common applications of AI include expert systems, natural language processing (NLP), speech recognition, and machine vision.

AI (Artificial Intelligence) programming focuses on 3 cognitive skills: learning, reasoning, and self-improvement.

1. Learning process: This aspect of AI programming focuses on obtaining data and creating rules for converting data into actionable information. The rules, known as algorithms, provide computing devices with step-by-step instructions for completing a specific task.
2. Reasoning: This aspect of AI programming focuses on selecting the right algorithm to achieve the desired result.
3. Self-improvement: This aspect of AI programming is consistently designed for fine algorithms and ensures that they deliver the most accurate results.

What is the full form of AI?

AI stands for Artificial Intelligence

What are the types of Artificial Intelligence?

Type 1 – Based on Functionality
There are mainly 4 types of AI (Artificial Intelligence):

1. Reactive Machine: They are the most basic and oldest types of artificial intelligence. They reflect the human ability to respond to a variety of stimuli. This type of AI does not have the power of memory, so they do not have the ability to use the information/experience already acquired to get good results, so this type of AI cannot train itself.
2. Limited Theory: This type of AI is capable of reactive machines as well as memory capacity so that they can use past information/experience to take the future. Most common applications around us fall into this category. These AI applications can be trained as a reference model through large amounts of training data stored in their memory.
3. Theory of Mind: Mind theory is the next level of AI that does not exist in our daily lives. This type of AI is mostly in the "work in progress" phase and is usually restricted to research laboratories. This type of AI, once developed, will have a deeper understanding of the human mind, from their needs, likes, feelings, thought processes, etc., to their understanding of the human mind, and can respond to AI.
4. Self-Aware AI: This is the last stage of AI. Its current existence is fictional and can only be found in sci-fi films. This kind of AI can understand and develop human emotions, but they also have their feelings. This kind of AI has decades of physicality, if not decades. This is the kind of AI that skeptics like Elon Musk are wary of. Because if it is self-aware, AI can enter into self-preservation mode, which is considered a potential threat to humanity and will either directly or indirectly seek to end humanity.

Type 2 – Based on Capabilities

1. Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI): All AI applications around us fall into this category. ANI is an AI system that can perform specific tasks that are defined in the same way as humans. However, these machines cannot perform previously unmanaged tasks, so they fail to perform unprecedented tasks. Based on the classification described above, this system is a combination of all reactive and limited memory AIs. The AI ​​algorithms we use to perform the most complex predictive modeling in the world today fall into the category of AI.
2. Artificial General Intelligence (ANI): AGI can act, learn, understand, and act like a normal human being. These systems have multi-functionality capabilities across different domains. These systems are more agile and can respond and improve the way humans encounter unprecedented scenarios. There is no real-world example of such AI, but good progress has been made in this area.
3. Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI): Artificial Super Intelligence is at the top of AI development. ASI is the most powerful intelligence that exists on this planet. It can perform all tasks better than humans due to their inherently superior data processing, memory, and decision-making ability. Some researchers fear that the arrival of ASI will eventually lead to a "technological disaster." This is an out hazardous situation in which the development of technology will lead to uncontrolled conditions, resulting in an unprecedented change in human civilization.

At present, it is difficult to see what our future will look like when a more accomplished form of AI comes to the screen. However, since we are still very early in the development of sophisticated AI, it is very certain that we are still far from reaching that stage. For AI's supporters, we can only say that we are only scratching the surface to discover the true potential of AI and that AI skeptics are quick to chill out about technological extremes.

How does artificial intelligence Works?

Artificial intelligence uses machine learning to simulate human intelligence. The computer must learn how to react to certain actions, so it uses algorithms and historical data, called the correct model. The properties model then begins to form expectations (such as scoring leads or anything else).

AI can do much more than that, but they are common use and functionality for marketing. Even though the machines seem ready and ready to handle them, humans still need a lot of work. Mainly, we use AI to save time - adding people to email automation and allowing AI to do a lot of work while working on other tasks.

What are the applications of Artificial Intelligence?

Applications of Artificial Intelligence:

1. Gaming: It is advantageous in algorithmic and tactical games such as chess, in which the machine processes various contexts and stages and is capable of lateral thinking.
2. Language Processing: It helps to communicate effectively with the system, mainly computers that can process and understand the language spoken by humans.
3. Vision Systems: They can visualize and interpret data by visualizing the input on the computer.
4. Speech Recognition: Some systems can understand the language spoken by humans and can use pronunciation, grammar, etc. in the same way.
5. Handwriting Recognition: This unique function of AI allows specific handwriting to be converted into readable and editable text.
6. Robot: The robot is one of the most valuable inventions humans have ever discovered. They are highly skilled at their tasks, as they can perform well multi-task and save time in doing so. They have huge memory and can easily adjust to their environment. This type of preparation has many advantages.

Which are the Leading Firms in AI?

Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently disrupting many industries. According to Quartz, 37% of companies plan to use or do AI technology this year - a far cry from 10% in 2015. This number is only thanks to companies currently using AI innovations.

Below we have listed some of the most important industry leaders:

1. Amazon: One of the biggest players to join this list. Amazon is leading the AI ​​revolution in terms of consumer side and backend applications. Alexa is the company's voice-activated smart assistant, which has entered hundreds of thousands of homes worldwide. In the backend, Amazon Web Services is the tech giant's machine learning (ML) program, which is regularly introduced to companies like Netflix, Tinder, and NASA.
2. DJI: DJI is a Chinese AI startup company that focuses on everyone. A timely response to China's bid to become China's global superpower, the $ 15 billion company has already partnered with Microsoft for an AI-powered drone project. What's more, the Chinese firm wants to develop autonomous vehicles and robotics projects in the near future.
3. Apple: Another industry veteran, Apple executives have mentioned many times in the past how AI is the next big step for the company. It has been acquiring AI startups for years and continues to improve products such as Siri and Creative ML.
4. Anki: Kozmo is one of the most advanced consumer robots available on the market - one of many robotics products Anki currently owns. The company is passionate about bringing robotics closer to the consumer market and has recently been working on emotional AI technology.
5. Google: Google CEO Sundar Pichai has made it clear that the company is moving towards an AI-first approach to business. This is evidenced by the acquisition of several AI companies, with companies such as Mountain View and DeepMind making other AI companies and hundreds of products.
6. Datavisor: DataVisor is a leading tech company operating in the finance industry. It uses AI and ML to analyze millions of data points and represents fraudulent activity. It protects finance companies from duplicate accounts, fraudulent transactions, moneylending, and more.
7. Casetext:  Even the most experienced data collector has trouble navigating the thousands of pages of legal information available online When it comes to making a case, it can significantly slow down the process. Using AI to power its unique search engine, which is specially created to look at legal documents, expedites cast text content. Legal counsel specialists highlight that advanced AI applications in legal technology allow professionals to comb through records more effectively. Based on human limitations, legitimate AI software can quickly remove duplicates through large data points and rank them according to their vantage point for innovation. Kestext combines all of this with an easy drag-and-drop interface that every lawyer can learn to use. Case in point, a study comparing legal research platforms found by lawyers using Costexta CAA AI. They completed their projects 24.5% faster than those using traditional methods.
8. Facebook: After Facebook removed its AI chatbots, they were trying to improve the technology. Its research team, known as FAIR, is dedicated to exploring better communication techniques through AI technology. The social media giant hopes it will be a success soon, as it may not become a far-reaching industry leader in the future.
9. Clarifai: Clarity leads to the development of AI use cases for image recognition. Its users enjoy lightning-fast organization, filtering and tagging for thousands of images - from consumer research to online content moderation. The company's software develops AI and uses ML and deep neural networks to determine the accuracy of images and videos, and augment images to gather more visual data. The recently released General Model 1.5 is the company's strongest image recognition product.
10. Deepmind: Deep Mind is a Google-owned company focused solely on AI technology for various industries. The London-based company recently announced a revolutionary AI technology that could change the way predicators work through Predictive Analytics, resulting in a more proactive approach.

What are the Pros and Cons of AI?

Advantages of AI:

1. Easy Availability: One of the biggest advantages of machines is that they do not require constant refreshments like humans and can last for hours. They have the ability to constantly work and work without compromising the quality of the output.
2. Day to Day Application: The most used machine in our daily lives is the smartphone, and as a result we are accidentally or intentionally using the benefits of AI. Some examples of demonstrating control and power AI practice in our daily lives, using Siri for Apple devices, GPS for navigation, and recommendations for Amazon.
3. Error Reduction: The accuracy and accuracy of artificial intelligence have been successfully reached. Therefore, it helps in diagnosing and correcting errors.
4. Dealing with repetitive tasks: Dull tasks take time. AI algorithms can be used to solve these tasks. Machines are multi-tasking capable and work faster than humans.
5. Medical Applications: AI is widely used in the medical field. It can be used to identify potential cancer risks and neurodegenerative diseases.
6. Digital Assistant: Digital assistants or clones/duplicates are used to communicate with different users, resulting in less manpower. Because robots and devices lack emotional intelligence, they can apply logic more effectively and thus make the right decisions.

Disadvantages of AI:

1. High cost: Artificial intelligence increases productivity to deliver efficient results but imposes large costs because machines are very complicated and complex in their training. Therefore, their maintenance can also lead to large costs.
2. Inability to replicate humans: many believe that human intelligence cannot be duplicated. Although machines have proven to be smarter over time and more efficient than humans, they lack the emotions and moral qualities that characterize human beings.
3. No value to experience: man relies on experience to determine his performance more and, on the other hand, this trait is completely absent. Machines do not have an environmentally reactive quality and this is the difference between machines and humans.
4. Unemployment: This is a growing concern in any part of the world and most of the solutions adopted to address unemployment still do not eliminate the problem. Humanity relies heavily on machines to exploit the benefits of AI and overuse it. This causes great loss of creativity and the ability to think as a result of ideas.

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What is PC | Features, Types, Full-Form, Generations of PC

PC

Contents:

1. History of PC
2. What is a PC?
3. What is the full form of PC?
4. Characteristics and features of the PC
5. What is Hardware?
6. What is software?
7. What are the different types of PC?
8. What is the generation of computers?

History of PC

The history of personal computers (PCs) as mass-market consumer electronic devices began in 1977 with the introduction of efficient microcomputers, although some mainframes and minicomputers were implemented much earlier as single-user systems. The PC (Personal Computer) is intended for interactive personal use, unlike the mainframe computer, where end-user requests are filtered through operating staff or time-sharing systems, in which a large processor is shared by multiple people.

After the development of microprocessors, personal computers were so cheap that they eventually became full consumer goods. Early Personal Computer (PC) - commonly referred to as microcomputers, were often sold in limited quantities and electronic kit forms and were mostly of interest to hobbyists (who's a hobby) and technicians.

What is a PC?

A "PC" (personal computer) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capacity, and cost are possible for personal use. Personal computers are managed directly by the end-user rather than the computer or specialist. Unlike large expensive minicomputers and mainframes, time-sharing cannot be used with many personal computers at the same time.

OR

In other words, A computer that is used by someone to perform their tasks. You can say the computer at your home, where you can play games, watch videos, and read stuff is a PC (Personal Computer). The word originally came from the IBM PC. It is mainly used by end-users (US) rather than specialists or experts.

What is the full form of PC?

PC stands for  Personal Computer

Characteristics and features of the PC

Personal Computer features or characteristics:

1. Speed: You know the computer can run very fast. The calculation takes only a few seconds to complete. You may be surprised to learn that a computer can perform millions (10,00,000) of instructions and more per second. Therefore, we determine the speed of the computer in terms of microseconds (10–6 fraction of a second) or nanoseconds (10 to 10 frames per second). You get an idea of ​​how fast your computer works.
2. Accuracy: The degree of accuracy of the computer is very high and every calculation is done with the same accuracy. Accuracy Level 7. It is determined based on computer design. Errors in computers are caused by human and faulty (wrong) data.
3. Attention: Free from computer fatigue, lack of concentration, fatigue, etc. It works for hours with no errors. If millions of calculations are to be made, the computer performs each calculation with the same accuracy. Because of this ability, it regularly attacks humans.
4. Versatility: That means being able to do something completely different. You can use your computer to prepare a payroll slip. The next moment you can use it for inventory management or to prepare electricity bills.
5. Power to Remember: The computer has the power to store any information or data. Any information can be stored and remembered for any number you need. It is entirely up to you how much data you want to store on the computer and when or where this data is lost or lost.
6. No IQ: A computer is a dumb machine and it will not do any work without user instructions. It dictates with tremendous speed and accuracy. It's up to you to decide what you want to do and in what order. Therefore the computer does not make its own decision.
7. Not feeling: It does not contain feelings or emotions, taste, knowledge, and experience. So even after working for a long time, it is not tiring. It does not distinguish between users.
8. Storage: The computer has a built-in memory where it can store large amounts of data. You can also store data on a secondary storage device such as a floppy, which can be left outside your computer and moved to other computers.

What is Hardware?

Computer Hardware:

Physical parts of personal computers are called the hardware of computers. Computer hardware is any part of a computer, we can touch these parts. These are the basic electronic devices used to make computers. Examples of computer hardware include:

1. processors, 
2. memory devices (HardDisk Drive), 
3. monitors, 
4. printers, 
5. microphone,
6. keyboards, 
7. mouse and 
8. central processing units.

There are three types of Hardware includes:

1. Input Device
2. Output Device
3. System Unit

• Input Device: The input device includes input devices of the personal computer such as a keyboard, mouse, microphone, and scanner, etc. these devices help to input data into the computer to process.
• Output Device: The output unit includes output devices of the personal computer such as to monitor, printer, and speaker, etc. They could output the processed data from which user input into the system.
• System Unit: The system Unit includes a motherboard. All other components are etched onto it. It is made up of silicon. An electronic pathway on the motherboard connects different components of the system unit.

What is software?

Software is a collection of instructions, procedures, and documentation that perform various tasks on a computer system. We can also say that computer software is the programming code implemented in a computer processor. The code can be machine-level code or code written for the operating system.

Examples of software include MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Google Chrome, Photoshop, MySQL, and so on.

Computer software is further divided into two main groups

1. System software
2. Application software

• System software: System software refers to the programs that are liable for supervisory and handling the definite actions of the computer hardware. It includes some basic utilities for the operating system and cases, such as disk, file managers, performance managers, user authentication, and network control software.
• Application software: Applications software refers to complete tasks identified by the user. Application software may consist of a solo program, such as an image viewer or gathering of programs that work organized to achieve a task such as a word processor, spreadsheet, database, etc.

What are the different types of PC?

There are two types of Personal computers:

1. Stationary
2. Portable

1. Stationary
Workstation and desktop computers are includes in stationary types of personal computers category.

• Workstation: Workstation is a personal computer intended for technical, calculated, and systematic applications.
• Desktop computer: Desktop computer referred to its designed to place on the table in a vertical or horizontal position with external input and output devices such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, printer, monitor, etc. it is also used to play games as well as office work.

2. Portable

Portable personal computers are those which may be easily replaced from one place to the other.

• Laptop: The laptop is one of the common and most useable examples of portable personal computers. You may open the flip of the laptop and can do your work, and after that down the flip and take it away anywhere. It also protects keyboard, screen, and mouse pad during transportation.
• Tablet: Tablets are touchscreen display, which can be controlled by stylus pen or finger. It may also offer an external keyboard and mouse as well as some other USB devices to connect. It may be used different types of operating systems such as Windows, Android, and Linux, etc., according to the user demand and needs.
• Smartphones: Smartphones are also coming under portable personal computers which are similar to tablets. They are smaller than tablets.
• Ultra-Mobile PC: Ultra-Mobile PC (UMP) is a small tablet computer. It was developed by Microsoft, Samsung, and Intel. Current Ultra-Mobile PC typically includes Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7 or Linux operating systems, and low-voltage Intel Atom or VIA C7-M processors.
• Pocket PC: Hardware Specification Pocket PC for a Handheld-Size Computer (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) running Microsoft Windows Mobile Operating System. It may be capable of running alternative operating systems such as NetBSD or Linux. Pocket PCs have many capabilities of desktop PCs. There are many application software available for handhelds that follow the Microsoft Pocket PC specification, many of which are freeware. Microsoft-compliant pocket PCs can also be used with many other add-ons, such as RFID readers, barcode readers, cameras, and GPS receivers.

What is the generation of computers?

There are five generations of computers:

1. First-generation ➡️ Vacuum Tubes: This generation of computers was used vacuum tubes to perform calculations. Those were expensive because vacuum tubes are so expansive and a small lifetime period. They became hot and burn out. Computers of this generation are very expensive and large and need a special room having air conditioning to cool the room temperature. ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) and UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was the example of this generation.
2. Second-Generation ➡️ Transistors: To reduce the size of the computer we need to replace vacuum tubes from transistors. 200 transistors are about the same size as one vacuum tube on a computer. And they can work 40 times faster than a vacuum tube. As compared to the vacuum tube computer to the transistor computer, transistor computers were smaller in size and their performance and working capacity increased several times to the vacuum tubes computers. They also support BASIC and COBOL languages.
3. Third-Generation ➡️ Integrated Circuits: The major invention of the third generation computers was the development of integrated circuits. And a single integrated circuit may replace thousands of transistors. Now the problem of the size of the computer gone away after the invention of integrated circuits. It also reduces the price of the computer. Now it can use easily in medium and large scale business.
4. Fourth-Generation ➡️ Microprocessors: In fourth-generation computers, microprocessors replaced the integrated circuits and revolutionized the computer world. Fourth-generation computers used semiconductor memory, which increased the internal storage of computers. Apple Macintosh and IBM PC were the examples of fourth generation computers.
5. Fifth-Generation ➡️ Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence: This generation computer-based computer-based on artificial intelligence which is still in the process of the development stage. Some applications are such as voice recognition that is being used in today's world. The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop tools that respond to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-organizing.

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What is ICICI Bank | Establish, Founder, Full Form, Objectives, Functions of ICICI Bank

ICICI

Contents:

1. History
2. What do you mean by ICICI Bank?
3. What is full form ICICI?
4. When ICICI Bank was established?
5. Where is the headquarters of ICICI bank?
6. Who is the founder of ICICI Bank?
7. Who is the chairman of ICICI Bank?
8. What are the functions of ICICI bank?
9. What are the objectives of ICICI Bank?
10. What is the Role and development of ICICI?
11. What is the role of ICICI in digitization?

History

Currently, ICICI is one of the famous private banks in India. The bank was then merged with its parent company during the year 2001 which was later approved by the RBI during the year 2002. The bank currently holds some shares in YES bank and it has also acquired both Sangli Bank and Bank of Rajasthan which are now merged with ICICI bank. 

What do you mean by ICICI Bank?

ICICI bank is one of the famous private banks currently in the country well known for its financial services. It offers multiple small and medium loans along with financial advice to its partners.

What is full form ICICI?

Initially, the name of the bank was Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India which was later shortened as ICICI bank for promotional purposes.
ICICI stands for Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India

When ICICI Bank was established?

The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India otherwise popularly known as the ICICI bank was established during the year 1994 as a private institution. But even before 1994, the parent company was well involved in other types of financial setups offering finances to certain companies of India by forming a joint venture with the world bank. 

Where is the Headquarters of ICICI Bank?

The first ICICI bank was constructed in Vadodara, Gujarat during 1994 and it still acts as the registered headquarters of the entire group of the bank. But for communication purposes, the bank has moved its activities to Mumbai making it the corporate office.

The ICICI towers located in the Bandra-Kurla complex in Mumbai is the current active head office where the important activities take place. Along with these two head offices, ICICI has nearly 5275 branches all over the country with nearly 15,589 ATMs ( as of June 2019).

The bank has been growing rapidly at a faster pace ever since and is available in nearly 17 countries all over the world. The bank still holds it's majority shares making it a private bank and not a nationalized one. 

Who is the founder of ICICI Bank?

Even though ICICI was established as a result of hard work by a group of people rather than a single person effort, Mr, K V. Kamath is considered as chairman and founder of the ICICI bank. 

Who is the chairman of ICICI Bank?

Currently, Mr. Girish Chandra Chaturvedi, is the chairman of ICICI banks and Mr. Sandeep Bakhshi is the active MD and CEO of the bank. Mr. Bakshi was operating as the CEO of ICICI life insurance until October 2018, after which he was promoted as CEO of the bank. 

What are the functions of ICICI bank?

The ICICI bank is available in nearly 18 countries all over the world and it offers banking and other finance-related activities to the people living there. Some of its basic functions include, 

• Providing Loan: It offers various types of loans to the people in these countries. It offers all types of loans including, short term loans, medium-term loans, and other types of loans like home loans, etc.
• Funds: It offers various types of funding for reinvestment by rotating the investments at a faster rate.
• Financial Devices: It also offers financial advice to other companies especially for the ones in the private sector in their pre-investments. It also offers financial advice to both the Central and state governments regarding certain policies and Investments.
• Issue of Shares: Issuing shares and offering securities to other companies and also underwriting their problems in detail.
• Guarantee of Loans: They also guarantee loans from other private investments and various other private sources.
• Loan for Small Business: They offer loans to the normal small investment businesses and these loans have a payment period of nearly 15 years.
• Foreign Currency: The bank also offers some small foreign currency loans for importing machines and other important equipment from foreign countries.
• Securities: The bank also rotates and sells securities from its portfolio to enhance the investments and also for increasing its customer base.
• Credit Facility: The bank also improves the credit value of certain companies to increase and improve their product sale.

What are the objectives of ICICI Bank?

The main objective of the ICICI bank is to promote the private industrial sectors by offering them both long and short term funds for their investments and improvements. The bank also has other objectives like, 

• To increase sales and improve the growth of the private industries in the non-public sector.
• To improve the internal and external capital in these non-public companies.
• To offer finance for equipment and other investments.
• To offer financial support for the rehabilitation of companies and certain industrial units.
• To promote private investments and ownership in private sectors.
• To provide financial aid to small companies and increase market expansion and investments. It also offers its securities for rotations to improve investments.

What is the Role and development of ICICI?

Even though the ICICI group started its original banking services during 1994, the parent company during 1973 created a Merchant banking division that was involved in providing financial advice to its clients and improving the financial structure that was pre-existing in some private companies. It played a huge role in the amalgamation and growth of certain companies in the private sector.

They offered other financial support like assisting the companies in getting loans and preparing their proposals for loans and negotiating with the banks on their behalf. The ICICI has offered venture capital funds for improving the green field companies and also combined with other financial institutions to create SHCIL, CRISIL, and OTC Exchange of India Ltd.

The bank is now promoting the growth of mutual funds similar to UTI. The vision of the company was initially focused on expanding and finding the industrial sectors of the country but currently, they have expanded their vision and are involved in all types of economic developments and requirements. They have been trying to meet up with all the economic requirements with new plans and instruments.

During March of 1995, ICICI created the brokerage services offering nearly 100% subsidiary. It also performs various securities and brokerage related activities from the year 1996. The bank has been registered with the National Stock Exchange and the Mumbai Stock Exchange. ICICI also owns its credit corporation which was then renamed as ICICI personal financial services limited during 1999.

They performed all types of financial activities including stock exchanges, underwriting along with placements, and distribution. This corporation became a complete private subsidiary from April 1996. Even though it has been performing commercial banking services from 1994 it still is performing its other financial activities as a joint venture with ICICI parent company. The bank has been offering both international and domestic banking services all over the world.

What is the role of ICICI in digitization?

Along with its wide range of expansion and multiple banking services, the ICICI Bank has also been well known for its ability to keep up with modern technology.

During 1998 ICICI wowed the world by stepping into the digital world. The bank was one of the first banks to introduce the concept of internet banking which is used all over the world now. Similarly, the bank also introduced other modern technologies like mobile banking in 2008 and digital wallets in 2015.

The ICICI bank is one of the technology-based banks that has always,s been keeping up with the technology. It has also introduced a robotic service called 'Money Coach' that provides the user with financial advice.

During recent years because of this very reason, ICICI has emerged as a leader in the banking industry providing a tough spot for other private banks. The client's base has constantly been increasing and it is expected to be the leader for the next ten years especially with its recent acquisition of the shares from Yes bank. 

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